微信小程序序的代码中提示,使用code换取openid,但官方文档中没有给出进一步的说明。
换取openid的要点:由于安全的原因,必须由自己小程序的服务器端完成。知道了这个要点,实现起来就简单了,服务器端写一个RestController,接收code参数,使用httpclient向微信的服务端换openid就行了。
代码使用了SpringBoot,不会也不难理解。主要代码如下:
package com.wallimn.iteye.sp.asset.common.controller;
import java.util.Map;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.wallimn.iteye.sp.asset.common.util.AesUtil;
import com.wallimn.iteye.sp.asset.common.util.HttpUtil;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/wx")
public class WeixinController {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeixinController.class);
@Value("${wx.appId}")
private String appId;
@Value("${wx.appSecret}")
private String appSecret;
@Value("${wx.grantType}")
private String grantType;
// wx.grantType=authorization_code
@Value("${wx.requestUrl}")
private String requestUrl;
// wx.requestUrl=https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session
@RequestMapping("/session")
public Map<String, Object> getSession(@RequestParam(required = true) String code) {
return this.getSessionByCode(code);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private Map<String, Object> getSessionByCode(String code) {
String url = this.requestUrl + "?appid=" + appId + "&secret=" + appSecret + "&js_code=" + code + "&grant_type="
+ grantType;
// 发送请求
String data = HttpUtil.get(url);
log.debug("请求地址:{}", url);
log.debug("请求结果:{}", data);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
Map<String, Object> json = null;
try {
json = mapper.readValue(data, Map.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 形如{"session_key":"6w7Br3JsRQzBiGZwvlZAiA==","openid":"oQO565cXXXXXEvc4Q_YChUE8PqB60Y"}的字符串
return json;
}
}
用到了一个httpclient封闭的工具类,代码如下:
package com.wallimn.iteye.sp.asset.common.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
public class HttpUtil {
private static final String Charset = "utf-8";
/** * 发送请求,如果失败,会返回null * @param url * @param map * @return */
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> map) {
// 处理请求地址
try {
HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
URI uri = new URI(url);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(uri);
// 添加参数
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (String str : map.keySet()) {
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(str, map.get(str)));
}
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, Charset));
// 执行请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 处理请求结果
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
InputStream in = null;
try {
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,Charset));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭流
if (in != null)
try {
in.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return buffer.toString();
} else {
return null;
}
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/** * 发送请求,如果失败会返回null * @param url * @param str * @return */
public static String post(String url, String str) {
// 处理请求地址
try {
HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
URI uri = new URI(url);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(uri);
post.setEntity(new StringEntity(str, Charset));
// 执行请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 处理请求结果
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
InputStream in = null;
try {
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"utf-8"));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
} finally {
// 关闭流
if (in != null)
in.close();
}
return buffer.toString();
} else {
return null;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/** * 发送GET方式的请求,并返回结果字符串。 * <br> * 时间:2017年2月27日,作者:http://wallimn.iteye.com * @param url * @return 如果失败,返回为null */
public static String get(String url) {
try {
HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
URI uri = new URI(url);
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(uri);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
InputStream in = null;
try {
in = response.getEntity().getContent();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,Charset));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
} finally {
if (in != null)
in.close();
}
return buffer.toString();
} else {
return null;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
小程序中,使用wx.request(url:'https://域名/api/wx/session',....),就可以拿到一个JSON对象,其中有openid。
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